There are so many Johns in the Boonie Wilcockson direct line, we’ve had to give them nicknames. Furthest back is the solid brickwall of “1610 John”, so-called because he died in 1610 (between 1st and 7th February 1609/10). That approximate death date, the approximate name of his wife when he died (it’s Ann or Amy or both), a list of 9 children in his Will (for whom we have no other info) and a few manorial records = the sum total of what we definitely know about him. We have no birth or baptism, no marriage/s, not even a burial for 1610 John.
So how do we know he is the Boonie brickwall?
We have John’s Will written on 1 Feb 1609/10. His Inventory
was taken on 7 Feb 1609/10, that’s how we know when he died, even though we
have no burial record in any of the nearby parishes. We also have some
important manor court records.
So let’s start this consideration of 1610 John with a
verbatim transcript of his Will:
Will of John WILCOCKSON yeoman of Biggin in parish of Wirksworth,
Derbys
Written: 1 Feb 1609/10
Proved: At Derby, 24 May 1611
Repository: Staffs RO, ref: B/C/11
Verbatim transcript by Celia Renshaw from images of original probate documents on file (also downloadable from Findmypast)
Note: there is a large ink blot in the centre of lines 9-14 and a
seam-tear in the middle of the top half of the page.
The first day of Februarie 1609 In the seaventh yeare of the Raigne of (our) Sovrgne Lord King James of England etc.
In the name of god Amen I
John WILCOCKSON of Byggen in the county of Darby yeoman being at this present
sick & weak in body but of good & perfect remembrance I thank god do
hereby ordaine constitute & make this my last will & testament.
Concerneing my goods & chattels, payement of my debts & dischargeing of
such legacies as I hereafter [faded word] do set downe & despose & for
some provisione for porcions for my children in manner & forme followeinge.
First I give & bequeath to Thomas
WILCOCKSON my sonne foure pounds to be paid him when he shall accomplishe
the age of xxi years. I do likewise give & bequeath to my sonne John xxs to be payd him when he
shall likewise accomplishe the age of xxi years & further will that he
shall be kept to learning in such [gap] as my Executors shalbe able. Itm I do
give to William my fourth sonne iiid
to be payde him [gap] (child)ren: viz: Joseph,
Ellen & Sara every one of them vis viiiid (6s 4d) when they shall
accomplishe [gap] years. And as touching & concerneing the residue of my
goods moveable & immoveable I [gap] funeral charges being payd &
discharged that the third part of the same [tear] & remayne to [gap] wiffe & the other towe parts to Dorrathy & Elizabeth my towe eldest
daughters equallie to be devided amongst them. Dorrothy my eldest daughter to have the part payd her when she shall
accomplishe the age of xxv (25) years. And I also will that Elizabeth my second daughter have her
parte when she shall come to or accomplishe the age of xxi (21) years. Itm I
give to my eldest sonne George to
whom I have surrendered my Coppiehold lands iiis iiiid (6s 4d). And
principallie & lastlie I give & commend my soule to almighty god the
Creator & redeemer & my body to the earth from whence it came & to
be buried in the Church or churchyard where I am Parishener. Itm ?smallie &
lastlie I do ordaine constitute & make the sayd Anne [looks like Amy] my
wiffe my sole Executor of this my last will & testament. And do commit
trust & appoint George WILCOCKSON my
sonne & Georg SOMERS &
Lawrence MORE my brothers in lawe to be overseeers of the same & give
——-ance? to the perf(romance) of the same. In wittnes thereof I the sayd
John WILCOCKSON have putt my hand & seale the day & yeare above
written.
Sealed Subscribed &
delivered as the last will of the testator in the presence of Alkman LEES,
Georg SOMERS.
Inventory
One Inventorie of the goods & chattels of John WILCOXON of Bigginge in the County of Darby and parishe of Wirkesworth yeoman diceased the vii th daye of Februarie 1609.
In primis the Testator his Apparell …………………………………………… 20s
Itm one Cupbord with bordes frames coffers lowmes peales ……..]
one chorne chears & stooles dishes trenchers and all ……………….] £10 3s 4d
other his wooden stuffe exept the bed …………………………………….]
vi bedsteedds ……………………………………………………………………….. 20s
Itm ii potts ii pannes & ii kettles …………………………………………….. 33s 4d
Itm a dussen puter dishes a sault & a candelsticke a dusse nof puter –rs?… 10s
Itm ii featherbeds ii matarysses ii pillows iiii bolsters ………………… £3 6s 8d
Itm vi coverlids & iiii blanketts ……………………………………………….. 30s
Itm iiii payre of flaxen sheets & vi payre of canvas shetts …………. 33s 7d
Itm a paynted cloth ………………………………………………………………. 3d
Itm ii broches one payre of coberts one landforme racks
potthocks tongys …………………………………………………………………… 6s 9d
Itm ii hattchetts & a bill …………………………………………………………. 20s
Itm one ould wayne ii yolks one farm leame? One plough
ii horse harrowes …………………………………………………………………… 30s
Itm iiii keyne & ii wayning caulfes …………………………………………… £9
Itm iiii three year old heifers & ii stirks ……………………………………. £10
Itm xvi shepe ……………………………………………………………………….. 3 4s
Itm one horse ………………………………………………………………………. 33s 4d
Itm one boar & viii piggs ……………………………………………………….. 13s 4d
Itm corne & haye ………………………………………………………………….. ? 50s
Some is £41 15s 11d
Praysde the vii th daye of februarie
By Alkman LEES, William WILCOXON, Anthony BLACKWALL, Robert HUTCHINSON
Act Book entry (SRO ref. Act Books, 1591-1612, v.9-11), p155b
In Latin: Testamentus Johannis WILCOXSON dum vixit de Biggen parochia Wirkesworth defuncti per Annam (looks like Amiam) eius Relictam executrixis in forma inius jurat &c.
Translation: Will of John WILCOXSON who lived in Biggin in the parish of Wirksworth deceased by Ann (or is it Amy?) his relict, the executrix, according to her oath &c.
Probate (in Latin) awarded to the Executrix named in the Will.
Richard SPICER stands surety, Minister of Kirk Ireton. Ann to have
responsibility for minor children Thomas, John, Dorothy, Elizabeth, Joseph,
Ellena and Sara [the name of William,
after Dorothy, may be lost beneath the
Surrogate’s signature, which is illegible]
Duffield Fee Manor
Records
There are a lot of clues to pick up from that Will, but first let’s check out the “Copiehold lands” that John says he’s already arranged for son George to inherit.
The hamlet and
manor of Biggin lay within a part of the world called Duffield Fee, which was a
collection of manors all owned by the monarch and managed together on his or
her behalf by a Steward and Deputy Steward. Extensive, detailed records exist for
the Fee and those who lived in its manors, including over 60 Court Books at
Derbyshire Record Office and many more at the National Archives in Kew.
Duffield Fee Manor Records are a gift beyond gratitude for what they tell us
about Wilcocksons over the centuries. A great deal more manor information will
be posted here in the future.
For now, here is the ‘Surrender’ by 1610 John and his wife Amy/Anne which conveyed the family ‘copyholds’ in Biggin to his son George – first my verbatim transcript (ie. attempted translation from Latin), then a summary:
DUFFIELD FEE Small Court held on 22 Oct 1608, pp243-4: Holland and Biggin – To this court came John WILCOCKSON and Ann his wife in their own persons (Ann being interviewed separately etc) and as for and in part fulfilling and performing that agreement contained and specified in a certain Indenture [herein otherwise shown] had and made between the said John and Ann on the one part and George WILCOCKSON the son and heir apparent of John on the other part [two lines I can’t make out] surrendered into the hands of the Lord King of the said manor by the rod according to the custom of the said manor all that messuage and tenement in Bigging aforesaid in which James STORER late lived and two crofts and curtilages of John in Bigging aforesaid, one called Le Dockeyard and the other called Le Litleyard, and one orchard there and one divided toft and [something?] above… messuage lately appertaining all which premises were lately occupied by the said James and one other close or parcel of land called Marlowfield and one other parcel of land or close called Marlowfield Knoll and one other close or parcel of land called Hitchfield meadow and one other parcel of land called Hitchfield Knoll and one piece lately called or known by the name of Willshawe Piece and one other land of the said John in the Netherfield or Dronfield in Bigging aforesaid lately in tenure or occupation of the said John WILCOCKSON or his assigns with all ways, commodities, easements, profits and appurtenances to the said premises belonging or appertaining and the dwellinghouse of the said John with the Orchard garden and curtilage to the same belonging and one close called Nether Furlong in Biging one close there called the Over Furlong one parcel of land called Greenewaiehead and one called the Rushbed and one other called the Marloefield Knoll one close called the Hitchfield Meadowe one close called Hitchfield Knoll one close or parcel called Willshawe piece and the mediety of one close of pasture called Roughe Marlowfield with all ways commodities ways easements profits and appurtenances and one close in Holland aforesaid called the Nyne Acres one close in Bigginge aforesaid called Loucher field and one close called Windells and one piece of one close called Ryddings lying in Bigging aforesaid one close called Le ?Neerer Marloefield and another mediety (in) Le roughe Marloefield and one land of the said John in Bigging in the Tannefield? there and a house with orchard & ….? curtilage belonging or appertaining [a section I can’t make out] with all ways commodities ways easements profits and appurtenances to the same appertaining… all and singular the other said messuage cottage toft land tenement and hereditaments by customary … under the Manor aforesaid and …. Ways, commodities, easements, profits and appurtenances to the said premises belonging and appertaining To the Use and Behoof of the said John, Anne and … To the uses intentions ….? conditions provisions and effects in the said Indenture declared, expressed and recounted… and after the performance (of the Indenture?) to the use of the heirs of the said John for ever… premises in Holland aforesaid containing … one Reeving Thing and the aforesaid premises in Bigging aforesaid containing by estimation also one Reeving Thing and (thereupon) at the instance of the said John the first proclamation was made of the said premises without reclaim, And at the small court of the Lord King held for the manor aforesaid at Chevinsyde aforesaid the 10th? day of December in the said year the second proclamation was made without reclaim, And at the small court of the Lord King held for the manor aforesaid at Chevinsyde aforesaid on the 7th day of January in the said year the third proclamation was made without reclaim and thereupon the said Lord King of the said manor by the said Deputy Steward of the said manor granted all and singular the said premises [as set out above?] to the said John WILCOCKSON and Anne and George WILCOCKSON the son and heir apparent of the said John and seisin of the same to the said George to the use of the said John, Anne and George by the rod delivered, To hold the same to the uses, intentions, limitations, conditions, provisions and effects in the said Indenture declared, specified and recounted [a scribbled section I can’t make out] in the form aforesaid by the rents, customs and services therefore to become due and by right accustomed according to the customs of the said manor, and the said John, Ann and George for their estate and entry thereinto gave the Lord King for a fine 23s 4d made their fealties and so were admitted tenants thereinto.
[From D1404/4 Duffield Fee Court Book (Jul 1605-Mar 1608) held at
Derbys Record Office, Matlock]
And now, to turn
that formulaic, antique language into modern sense:
Abstract: Holland
and Biggin – John and Ann WILCOCKSON have made an Indenture with their son and
heir George WILCOCKSON arranging his inheritance of their holdings in Biggin
and Hulland. They now surrender for these purposes: In Biggin – the messuage
where James STORER lived, 2 crofts called Le Dockeyard and Le Litleyard, one
orchard, one divided toft, all lately occupied by James STORER, closes or lands
called Marlowfield, Marlowfield Knoll, Hitchfield Meadow, Hitchfield Knoll,
Willshawe Piece, and another in the Netherfield or Dronfield, all in the tenure
of the said John WILCOCKSON, also John’s dwelling-house with orchard, garden
& curtilage and closes called Nether Furlong, Over Furlong, Greenewaiehead,
Rushbed, Marloefield Knoll, Hitchfield Meadow, Hitchfield Knoll, Willshawe
Piece [repetition of field names in
original surrender], parts of Roughe Marlowfield, Nyne Acres, Loucher
Field, Windells, Ryddings, Le Neerer Marlowfield, land in the Tannefield, and a
house with orchard &c and in Hulland: A close called Nyne Acres. After the
usual 3 proclamations, John, Ann and George were all admitted to these holdings
for these purposes.
Anyone impatient to
understand more about manors can check out an excellent guide by the University
of Nottingham Manuscripts & Special Collections Library: https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/manuscriptsandspecialcollections/researchguidance/manorial/introduction.aspx
For now, let’s focus in on the field names in the Surrender that I have emboldened. Those fields were transmitted down the generations of 1610 John’s descendants, via Wills and Manor Surrenders, first to John’s son George, then to Ould John, to Cossall John, to Biggin John (Quaker George’s brother), to Young John, then to Young John’s daughter Mary and her daughter Susannah Wilcockson James before finally getting sold off by Susannah’s husband, Rev William Rylance Melville, in 1887. And we can still trace those same fields and dwellings to the present day.
This is how we know that 1610 John is the Boonie brickwall ancestor – the lineage back to him is written in the very soil and fields of Biggin by Hulland in Derbyshire.